Hertford Castle

In 1154, following the death of Stephen, Matilda's son Henry Plantegenet became King Henry II 1154-89. Because of Hertford's support for his mother, Henry took a great interest in the castle and its potential. He set himself the task of reasserting the authority of the crown over i nnsubordinate barons and everywhere he constructed castles. Hertford was practically reconstructed between 1170 and 1174 and this included the building of the flint walls that can still be seen today. Drawbridges and gatehouses were also added.

Henry died in 1189 and was succeeded by his elder son, Richard The Lionheart 1189-99. Richard spent much of his time out of the country either fighting in the crusades or defending his French provinces. This played into the hands of his disloyal brother, John, who plotted against him with the French. At this time, the castle was strengthened by the King's Regent, William Longchamps. However, in 1199 Richard died and John 1199-1216 was crowned.

By this time the castle was governed by Royal nominees after Robert de Valoignes had died in 1184 leaving no male heirs. Nevertheless, it was claimed by Robert Fitzwalter, who was Robert de Valoignes's son-in-law. Fitzwalter was enterprising and fearless, and following unsuccessful attempts to prove his right, he seized the castle and installed his own tenants and garrison. Despite the fact that he was subsequently evicted by John and the Crown, he was eventually appointed govenor. His opposition to The Crown continued though and in 1211 he fled to France and the castle was confiscated.

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